does hashimoto's make you immunocompromised

Low cortisol levels (adrenal insufficiency). Prevalence and etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. You may need to take thyroid supplements, even if your TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) levels are normal.. http://www.thyroid.org/thyroid-hormone-treatment/ Accessed Oct. 19, 2021. Ralli M, et al. CDC conducts ongoing reviews of additional underlying conditions. Goiter. Stay up to date with your COVID-19 vaccines. Family history plays a big role.. Hyperthyrotoxicosis has also been reported in COVID-19 patients. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. In the United States, Hashimotos is the top cause of hypothyroidism, or shrinking production of thyroid hormone. Thank you for taking the time to confirm your preferences. Jaimie is the mother of two children and lives in New Hampshire. Hashimoto's disease is also known as Hashimoto's thyroiditis, chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis and chronic autoimmune thyroiditis. (2016). hypothyroidism, Hashimotos thyroiditis, Graves Disease) predispose a person to COVID-19 infection or worse outcomes if infected? Other people have a weakened immune system because of a life-long condition. But at the end of the day, if your thyroid is underactive, its usually Hashimotos thyroiditis, she says. Both typical subacute thyroiditis and atypical subacute thyroiditis have been reported in COVID-19 patients. Mayo Clinic is a not-for-profit organization. The American Heart Association recommends most people eat at least two 3.5 ounce servings per week. (2013). Being immunocompromised means that you have a weakened immune system that may have trouble protecting you from things like bacteria, viruses, and fungi. The adverse effects of psychological stress on immunoregulatory balance: applications to human inflammatory diseases. It is also important for people with medical conditions and their healthcare providers to work together and manage those conditions carefully and safely. In: Williams Textbook of Endocrinology. Dairy Products and Inflammation: A Review of the Clinical Evidence. Front Immunol. You may not notice signs or symptoms of the disease. People can be immunocompromised either due to a medical condition or from receipt of immunosuppressive medications or treatments. Some common thyroid diseases, including Hashimoto's thyroiditis, the most common cause of hypothyroidism, and Graves'disease, a common cause of hyperthyroidism, are autoimmune diseases. Graves disease is the most common kind of autoimmune hyperthyroidism. Hypothyroidism and thyroiditis. But you wont need to steer clear of cruciferous vegetables or soy both nutrition powerhouses. The process brings on symptoms such as fever, fatigue, and inflammation. Finally, some good news It is an autoimmune disorder, but it is not an immune-compromised state that would lead us to anticipate an additional problem with COVID The thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped gland in the front of your neck. Hashimoto's thyroiditis: An update on pathogenic mechanisms, diagnostic protocols, therapeutic strategies, and potential malignant transformation. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. Sign up for free, and stay up to date on research advancements, health tips and current health topics, like COVID-19, plus expertise on managing health. These people are at greater risk for severe outcomes and death from diseases and other health threats. People with healthy immune systems can help protect immunocompromised people by making choices that reduce the chances of passing on illnesses to others. The bow-tie-shaped thyroid gland, at the base of your throat, secretes a hormone called T4 (thyroxine). Treatments for many types of cancer can weaken your bodys ability to fight off disease. Seiler A, et al. This less common variant of subacute thyroiditis does not cause pain in the thyroid, usually occurs following pregnancy, and is thought to be an autoimmune thyroiditis. Children with underlying medical conditions are at increased risk for getting very sick compared to children without underlying medical conditions. If you or your family member are at high risk for severe illness, wear a mask or respirator with greater protection in public indoor spaces if you are in an area with a high COVID-19 Community Level. If you have a medical condition, the following are actions you can take based on your medical conditions and other risk factors. Being physically active is important to being healthy. Given this, it seems that a history of hypothyroidism does not change the risk of infection nor the severity of infection with COVID-19. If youre still fatigued after thyroid hormone levels are optimized, your endocrinologist will look for other causes. Pathogenesis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (chronic autoimmune thyroiditis). The pathogenesis of neonatal autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases: a comprehensive review. Lee SY, et al. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. Eventually, the decline in thyroid hormone production can result in any of the following: Signs and symptoms of Hashimoto's disease vary widely and are not specific to the disorder. How to boost your immune system. Some themes have emerged. Thyroid. Age is also a factor: Those over the age of 65 have a weakened immune system, and those 80 and older are immunocompromised by definition. That's why it's important to take your medicine, even if some drugs slow down your immune system. 2015;2015:401630. doi: 10.1155/2015/401630, Vetvicka V. and Vetvickova J.Immune-enhancing effects of Maitake (Grifola frondosa) and Shiitake (Lentinuledodes) extracts. Having chronic liver diseasecan make you more likelyto get very sick from COVID-19. This information is intended for a general audience. It does this by producing white blood cells and antibodies that attack infectious organisms. Elsevier; 2020. https://www.clinicalkey.com. We avoid using tertiary references. Karshikoff B, et al. In addition, some herbs and supplements may interfere with the medical management of your condition as well as your thyroid function. However, it appears that most of these changes are limited and most patients thyroid function will revert back to normal once they have cleared the infection. There are two types of thyroid dysfunction that seem to be clearly related to COVID-19 infection: hypothyroidism due to non-thyroidal illness syndrome and thyrotoxicosis (hyperthyroidism) due to subacute (viral) thyroiditis. Hypothyroidism (underactive). Response to additional COVID-19 vaccine doses in people who are immunocompromised: a rapid review. The syndrome, also known as euthyroid sick syndrome or low T3 syndrome, can occur during any acute illness. Verywell Health's content is for informational and educational purposes only. Providers taking care of patients with critical illnesses will be able to determine the best approach for making sure that a patient with hyperthyroidism continues to receive treatment as needed. 2018;9(6):7204-7218. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.23208, Seldin MF. Medications that weaken your immune system and fungal infections.(2020). Cancer often develops because the immune system fails to identify and eliminate abnormal cells. Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. An unprecedented number of medical journal articles have been published related to COVID-19 with more than 86,883 publications in less than one year on the subject. Those with celiac diseaseor who have had gastric bypass surgerymust be carefully monitored because they may not absorb thyroid medication properly, and their levels can fluctuate. Having cerebrovascular disease, such as having a stroke which affects blood flow to the brain, can make you more likely to get very sick from COVID-19. Chronic lung diseases can include: Having cystic fibrosis, with or without lung or other solid organ transplant (like kidney, liver, intestines, heart, and pancreas) can make you more likely to get very sick from COVID-19. For example, having Hashimotos puts you at risk for other autoimmune conditions that contribute to fatigue, including: If fatigue persists, let your doctor know so they can help rule out other conditions that cause fatigue such as sleep apnea, which is often undiagnosed. 1998-2023 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER). Researchers say a newly discovered autoimmune disorder known as VEXAS syndrome is more common than previously thought and occurs more often in men. Learn more about how CDC develops COVID-19 vaccination recommendations. The most common initial treatment for thyroid cancer is surgery to remove the thyroid tumor. Do pre-existing thyroid conditions (i.e. In the case of Hashimotos thyroiditis, your immune system attacks your thyroid, which can cause inflammation and lead to an underactive thyroid gland. COVID-19 vaccines for people who are moderately or severely immunocompromised. For example, immunotherapy, steroids, radiation treatment for cancer, and organ rejection medications can all leave your immune system in a weakened state. WebZinc Zinc is an essential mineral that is important for overall health and well-being, and it has also been found to decrease antibody levels in those with autoimmune disorders like Hashimotos. You can be born with an autoimmune disease or develop it later in life. Can things other than autoimmune conditions weaken your immune system? Routine measles, mumps, and rubella vaccination. Agranulocytosis is less common in patients who have been taking methimazole for a long time or when the dose of the medication is low (e.g. More information is available, Recommendations for Fully Vaccinated People, Underlying Medical Conditions Associated with Higher Risk for Severe COVID-19, Staying up to date with COVID-19 vaccines, Additional Information on Children and Teens. Even if the thyroid nodule is found to be cancerous, there is usually little risk in delaying surgery to have it removed. People who do little or no physical activity are more likely to get very sick from COVID-19 than those who are physically active. APS is an autoimmune disorder that makes your blood clot easily. Having mood disorders, including depression, and schizophrenia spectrum disorders can make you more likelyto get very sick from COVID-19. Hashimoto's disease, or Hashimoto's thyroiditis, is an autoimmune disease that damages the thyroid gland. NIOSH training for nurses on shift work and long work hours. IV methimazole has been given by adding 500mg of methimazole powder to 0.9% sodium chloride solution to a final volume of 50mL and administering the correct dose as a slow IV push over 2 minutes. Any patient with new fever, cough, or other typical symptoms of COVID-19 infection should seek medical attention immediately, regardless of methimazole use. "When I think of myself getting COVID-19, I fear the worst. But while some studies suggest that adding T3 to T4 may help weight loss, it is not a skinny pill, says Dr. Kellis. She was also the founding editor of Africa Focus, a mining journal covering sub-Saharan Africa. Steer clear of products made from trans fats, including certain kinds of margarine. At this time, there are no identified shortages of any types of these thyroid hormone replacement medications. As the years go by, you may produce less hormone, so your doctor will gradually increase your dose of medication, she says. WebHashimotos Thyroiditis (Autoimmune Thyroid Disease) A decrease in the thyroid glands hormone production leads to a condition called hypothyroidism; the most common cause for this is an autoimmune condition called Hashimotos Thyroiditis, in which the immune system attacks and damages the thyroid gland. The genetics of human autoimmune disease: A perspective on progress in the field and future directions. In the case of an autoimmune disease, the immune system mistakenly attacks otherwise healthy tissues. Oncotarget. Yan F, Polk DB. Some things that can weaken your immune system include: According to the CDC, if you have a weakened immune system, youre at higher risk of having severe outcomes or experiencing death due to illness. They may need to adjust your dosage. 6 Sore Throat Remedies That Actually Work. Eating disorder awareness: What you need to know, Types of Hernias and the Benefit of Care at a Hernia Center, Microbiomes link to severe graft-versus-host disease suggests potential treatment, 86,883 publications in less than one year, does not put a person in the CDC high-risk category, COVID-19 can cause the release of large amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines, Connecting the dots between lactating mothers diet, milk composition, microbiome and benefits of mothers milk, New research is changing the way surgeons treat lung cancer, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SlNiMWHUhbc. Symptoms may include an enlarged thyroid gland (goiter), tiredness, weight gain, and muscle weakness. (2021). Levothyroxine is one of the most widely used medications in the United States, and there are many brand and generic types available. Effects of acute and chronic exercise on immunological parameters in the elderly aged: can physical activity counteract the effects of aging?. People who are immunocompromised or are taking medicines that weaken their immune system may not be protected even if they are up to date on their vaccines. However, the weight gain seen with Hashimotos thyroiditis is usually less dramatic than the weight loss seen with autoimmune hyperthyroidism (Graves disease).. Hashimotos is an autoimmune condition, but its not indicative of a compromised immune system (1, 2). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. A person can become immunocompromised in four major ways: through a congenital disorder; through acquired conditions such as diabetes and HIV; through autoimmune diseases; and through certain medications and treatments. RAI is often used to eliminate any remaining normal (non-cancerous) thyroid tissue or to decrease the chance of recurrence even when all thyroid cancer appears to have been surgically removed. -By Dr. Raymon Grogan, associate professor of surgery in the Division of Surgical Oncology at Baylor College of Medicine and chief of endocrine surgery at Baylor St. Lukes Medical Center, Your email address will not be published. Autoimmune diseases happen when the immune system makes antibodies that attack healthy tissues. 2018;9:2187. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.02187. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) generally states that people who are undergoing cancer treatment meet the definition of being immunocompromised. The thyroid is a small butterfly-shape gland located at the base of your neck that has a huge job. (2020). If youve recently received an organ or stem cell transplant, you are also considered immunocompromised. Everything You Need to Know About Cockayne Syndrome, VEXAS Syndrome: What to Know About This Newly Identified Autoimmune Disease. As long as youre being treated and followed by a doctor, and getting your blood levels checked, theres no reason to modify your diet, she says. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. All information these cookies collect is aggregated and therefore anonymous. Regular screenings are often recommended. Fill your plate at meals and snacks with fresh whole fruits and vegetables, including those that are being studied for their potential to directly augment the immune system, including garlic. You may opt-out of email communications at any time by clicking on Aging of the immune system. health information, we will treat all of that information as protected health American Thyroid Association. We recommend taking them with water only.. Are people with thyroid cancer at more risk from COVID-19 because they are immunocompromised? If youre immunocompromised, your immune system is less capable of producing antibodies and providing protection. (2022). Everyone should continue to practice the recommended hand hygiene and social distancing recommendations to avoid COVID-19 infection, https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/need-extra-precautions/people-at-higher-risk.html?CDC_AA_refVal=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fcoronavirus%2F2019-ncov%2Fspecific-groups%2Fhigh-risk-complications.html, https://www.thyroid.org/professionals/ata-publications/, https://www.thyroid.org/thyroid-information/, https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index.html, https://home.liebertpub.com/lpages/-coronavirus-science-backed-research/250/, Clinical Thyroidology for the Public (CTFP). Hypothyroidism is when the thyroid gland does not make enough thyroid hormone. Many people are never told they have Hashimotos, says Dr. Kellis. (2021). Levothyroxine is so safe that it can be taken during pregnancy. The thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland located at the base of the neck just below the Adam's apple. Do not delay getting care for your medical condition because of COVID-19. Autoimmune diseases like Sjgrens syndrome can be difficult to diagnose. Download, edit and save, and share your plan with your family, friends, and healthcare provider. If you have questions about a condition not included on this list, talk to your healthcare provider about how best to manage your condition and protect yourself from COVID-19. The primary treatment is thyroid hormone replacement. Thyroid follicular cells express the ACE2 receptor, thus making thyroid tissue a possible target of direct infection by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This year, January also happens to mark the one-year anniversary of COVID-19s emergence in China. include protected health information. She is the author of "The Thyroid Diet Revolution.". Hashimotos is an autoimmune condition that can strike at any age, but is most often diagnosed between ages 40 and 60, says endocrinologist Mary Vouyiouklis-Kellis, MD. Even taking them with orange juice or coffee can interfere with thyroid supplement absorption, she says. Hyperthyroidism is when the thyroid gland makes too much thyroid hormone. (2019). What are common symptoms of autoimmune disease? So, let's make sure that we're not just talking about a prescription or a test or nasal swab, that we're also talking about healthy behaviors.". Other smaller studies on this topic seem to corroborate these findings. And according to the National Institute of Health (NIH), over 24 million people in the United States have an autoimmune condition. Policy. To help protect immunocompromised people, its important to be mindful of how your decisions can affect others. Talk with your healthcare provider about wearing a mask in a medium COVID-19 Community Level and what additional precautions may be necessary in medium or high COVID-19 Community Levels. But the CDC also notes that people with a "weakened immune system" are among those "most at risk.". An update on Addison's disease. Hashimotos prompts your body to create antibodies that attack and inflame the thyroid. Jaimie has been a journalist and writer for more than 25 years and has lived and worked all over the world. 2023 Dotdash Media, Inc. All rights reserved, Mary Shomon is a writer and hormonal health and thyroid advocate. She's not alone. Below, we answer questions about the difference between people with autoimmune disorders and those who are immunocompromised. This was done to ensure that these conditions met criteria for inclusion on this list. (2017). information and will only use or disclose that information as set forth in our notice of In reviewing this database, there have been approximately 114 publications that are in some way related to the thyroid and COVID-19. other information we have about you. Since 2016, she's been documenting her experience living with the disease in her blog, Lights, Camera, Crohn's. Continue your medicines and do not change your treatment plan without talking to your healthcare provider. Fugger L, et al. WebStress, which can be emotional or physical in nature, has been considered to be the primary factor associated with flare ups of Hashimotos thyroiditis. The addition of T3 can help patients who also have mood disorders like depression. If you have a medical condition, learn more about Actions You Can Take. (2015). A review of micronutrients and the immune system working in harmony to reduce the risk of infection. Read our, Guide to Dietary Supplements and Thyroid Disease, Hashimoto's Disease Facts and Statistics: What You Need to Know, The Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Hashitoxicosis, Antibodies That Contribute to Thyroid Disease, Thyroid Disease Facts and Statistics: What You Need to Know, Medications Used to Treat Thyroid Disease, Inflammatory responses and inflammation-associated diseases in organs, The genetics of human autoimmune disease: A perspective on progress in the field and future directions, Germs: Understand and protect against bacteria, viruses and infection, Immunomodulation and anti-inflammatory effects of garlic compounds, Immune-enhancing effects of Maitake (Grifola frondosa) and Shiitake (Lentinuledodes) extracts, Compound in broccoli has immune boosting properties, finds new study. Symptoms may include an enlarged thyroid gland (goiter), tiredness, weight gain, and muscle weakness. She began her career in Washington, DC, in the press office of the Clinton/Gore Presidential Transition and then went on to the DC bureau of the Sunday Times of London. It can cause life threatening heart conditions, such as stroke. Any use of this site constitutes your agreement to the Terms and Conditions and Privacy Policy linked below. However, unlike many other types of cancer, the majority of thyroid cancer patients are not receiving chemotherapy or other treatment that would deplete the immune system and cause them to be immunocompromised. This is not a formal meta-analysis or even a formal literature review. WebMarch 15: We have two new videos from Dr. Ashira Blazer on COVID-19 and lupus.The first video is a panel presentation on the impact of COVID-19 on people with lupus and an overview of COVID-19 vaccines. Check out these best-sellers and special offers on books and newsletters from Mayo Clinic Press. The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences estimates 24 million Americans have an autoimmune disease, but that number doesn't take into account those who are immunocompromised because of a genetic disorder, or as a result of medications, such as those taken after an organ transplant or to treat cancer. Accessed Sept. 28, 2021. The immune system creates antibodies that attack thyroid cells as if they were bacteria, viruses or some other foreign body. American Thyroid Association. Sarkar D, et al. https://www.thyroid.org/thyroid-function-tests/. Such long-term uses can lead to secondary or acquired immunodeficiency. Get more information on physical activity and health, physical activity recommendations, how to become more active, and how to create activity-friendly communities: Pregnant and recently pregnant people (for at least 42 days following end of pregnancy) are more likely to get very sick from COVID-19 compared with non-pregnant people. "While I'm following all the recommendations, it's extremely disconcerting to see all the photos and videos on social media of people carelessly traveling, going out to eat, partying at bars, and acting like nothing is going on," Hayden wrote. Research has found that the billions of healthy bacteria that live in the gut work directly with the immune system to help to support and regulate the immune response. Impacts of cigarette smoking on immune responsiveness: Up and down or upside down?. Ann Transl Med. A single copy of these materials may be reprinted for noncommercial personal use only. It occurs when your body makes antibodies that attack the cells in your thyroid. American Thyroid Association. Davies TF. Is it safe to get a vaccine if you have a weakened immune system? A rare side effect of these antithyroid medications is a condition called agranulocytosis (occurring in 0.2-0.5% of people taking the medication), in which the number of the immune cells that fight infection decrease. Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. 57:12,2497-2525. doi: 10408398.2014.967385. If you have a weakened immune system, your doctor can help you determine the best steps to take to stay as healthy as possible. People who are immunocompromised or are taking medicines that weaken their immune system may not be protected even if they are up to date on their vaccines. The immune system creates antibodies that attack thyroid cells as if they were bacteria, viruses or some other foreign body. Still other health conditions may weaken the immune systems. Some common thyroid diseases, including Hashimoto's thyroiditis, the most common cause of hypothyroidism, and Graves' disease, a common cause of hyperthyroidism, are autoimmune diseases. One example is called Primary immunodeficiency. The study found that having hypothyroidism and being on thyroid hormone replacement did not change rates of hospitalization, mechanical ventilation, or mortality relative to those who did not have hypothyroidism. If youre taking levothyroxine and begin to experience the symptoms of a Hashimotos flare-up, make an appointment with your doctor. Jaimies work has appeared in a wide variety of publications including The Washington Post, The Boston Globe, Newsweek, Business Insider, New York Magazine, Marie Claire, Glamour and O, The Oprah Magazine. "If you have an immunocompromised condition, you already have that stress and you're worried about yourself in this, and then we have this pandemic anxiety that's everywhere. Do autoimmune conditions cause a weakened immune system? Butler M, et al. Sometimes that process involves the thyroid gland and affects its ability to make hormones. In: Goldman-Cecil Medicine. Arreola R, Quintero-Fabian S, Lopez-Roa RI, et al. https://www.thyroid.org/hypothyroidism/. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. UC Berkley News. CDC twenty four seven. As a resource from Harvard Medical School explains: "It's especially complicated because there are so many different kinds of cells in the immune system that respond to so many different microbes in so many ways.". "Three days later I felt like I was having a bowel obstruction and was rushed to the ER. This is especially important if you are older or have severe health conditions or more than one health condition, including those on this list. People with some types of disabilities may be more likely to get very sick from COVID-19 because of underlying medical conditions, living in congregate settings, or systemic health and social inequities, including: Having heart conditions such as heart failure, coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathies, and possibly high blood pressure (hypertension) can make you more likelyto get very sick from COVID-19. The peak of publication frequency occurred in August 2020, when there were 4,309 COVID-19 related publications in just one week. Youve gained weight. If you currently smoke, quit. Emergency departments, urgent care, clinics, and your healthcare provider have infection prevention plans to help protect you from getting COVID-19 if you need care. (2022). ", Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Treatment can reduce your risk of hospitalization by more than 50% and also reduces the risk of death. Autoimmune thyroid disorders can cause hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. It is important to protect yourself and others by taking COVID-19 prevention actions: Please contact your state, tribal, local, or territorial health department for more information on COVID-19 vaccination in your area. She currently has a private practice inLafayette, California. The American Autoimmune Related Diseases Association lists over 100 autoimmune diseases, including Crohn's Disease and ulcerative colitis. Do not use them without first checking with your healthcare provider. The immune system wrongly enlists disease-fighting agents that damage cells and lead to cell death. With the exception of case reports of subacute thyroiditis, most of these studies are almost exclusively case series of hospitalized COVID-19 patients, so the conclusions are mostly relevant to those patients who were sick enough to be hospitalized. According to Jenna Mammen, MD, PhD, an endocrinologist at Johns Hopkins University, there has been a lot of confusion, especially online, over Hashimotos in particular. But your doctor must check blood levels periodically to make sure thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels stay within mid-normal range (the goal: < 2.5). The next relevant question is whether COVID-19 infection has any effect on the thyroid gland. Radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy is often used for thyroid cancer patients after having surgery and typically involves several visits to a doctor or healthcare facilities. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. Hashimoto's disease affects more women than men. Over the weekend the hashtag #highriskcovid19 was trending on Twitter, with people from around the world sharing their stories and imploring others to stay home and "flatten the curve", or curb the spread of the virus. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window), Click to email a link to a friend (Opens in new window). WebIs Hashimoto's an autoimmune condition? Chen L, Deng H, Cui H, et al. Di Pasquale M, et al. When her 2-year-old son became ill with the stomach flu, she took care of him. Mechanisms and therapeutic targets. These cookies allow us to count visits and traffic sources so we can measure and improve the performance of our site.

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